Extractive spectrophotometric method for determination of cadmium(II) in different water sources

The main task of this research article is to determine Cd(II) ion in pure and indifferent water samples. The method is fast, cost-effective and reliable where commercially available and cheap spectrophotometric reagents were utilized in this work. The method is based on the formation of colored ternary complexes and improved using cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) as cationic surfactant which interacts with the complexes to build up true ternary complexes. The spectrophotometric method depends on determination of Cd(II) ion using 1,10-phenanthroline (PHR) and eriochrome black T (EBT) or tartrazine (TZ) mixed reagents. The most suitable conditions for determination of Cd(II) ion and the parameters affecting the reactions including pH, time, temperature, stoichiometric ratios and reagents concentrations are optimized. The effect of different interfering ions is studied together with the suitable masking agents. The developed method is used for the determination of Cd(II) ion in the presence of CTAB in different types of water samples (ground and polluted industrial waste water). The results obtained are found to be comparable with those obtained using inductively coupled plasma. The solid ternary complexes were synthesized and characterized using elemental, thermal analyses, IR and molar conductance measurements. They found to have the formula [Cd(PHR)(EBT)(H₂O)] and [Cd(PHR)(TZ)]Cl with octahedral and square planar geometries.