Compatible solutes (proline, sugars, amino acids and proteins), Ca2+, K+, K+/Na+ ratio and Na+-manipulating genes (NHX1, vacuolar H+/Na+ antiporter and SOS1, salt overly sensitive) were checked in two wheat cultivars (Misrl and Sakha93, 9-d-old) treated with 75, 150 and 225 mM NaCl in the presence of 10 mM CaCl2. Salinity elevated Na+ in Sakha93 but decreased Ca2+, K+ and K+/Na+ ratio. Meanwhile, compatible solutes increased in Misrl but unchanged or dropped in Sakha93. NHX1 and SOS1 were expressed in both cultivars by 75 and 150 mM NaCl, while 225 mM caused decreases. CaCl2 counterbalanced NaCl effects in Misrl and increased NHX1 and SOS1 in Misr1. These findings suggest that Misrl tolerates NaCl, and CaCl2 ameliorated this tolerance. CaCl2 lowered Na+ and mitigated the decrease of K+/Na+ ratio synchronous with accumulating compatible solutes and stimulating NHX1 and SOS1, emphasizing osmoregulation and up-regulation of salt stress related genes in wheat during NaCl stress.